How to choose an efficient energy storage battery? A Practical Guide

With the continuous growth of global energy demand and climate change, the application of new energy sources has become the future development direction. Energy storage is one of the key technologies to realize large-scale access to renewable energy and stable operation of power systems.

In recent years, as the proportion of renewable energy power generation continues to increase, energy storage technology has also developed rapidly, and a variety of new energy storage technologies continue to emerge. Among them, lithium-ion batteries, as one of the most mature and widely used technologies in the field of energy storage, have become an indispensable part of the energy storage system.

As an indispensable part of the energy storage system, the development of lithium-ion batteries has been receiving much attention. In this paper, we will start from the basic principle of lithium-ion batteries, explain its performance requirements for energy storage systems in different application scenarios, and introduce in detail the common performance indicators and selection recommendations for lithium-ion batteries in different application scenarios.

Basic principles of lithium-ion battery

Li-ion Battery (LIB) is a kind of storage battery with lithium ion as the positive material and organic electrolyte. Li-ion batteries provide lithium ions through the positive electrode, the negative electrode provides electrons and oxygen, and the current generated by the positive and negative electrode reaction is used as the energy source. When the lithium ions inside the battery migrate and transform between the electrodes and electrolyte during charging and discharging, electrical energy is generated. During charging, lithium ions move through the electrolyte at the positive and negative electrodes; during discharging, lithium ions migrate from the positive electrode to the negative electrode and are consumed. Therefore, lithium-ion battery is a reversible chemical reaction process. The whole process can be divided into the following three stages: positive electrode reaction, negative electrode reaction and electrolyte circulation. Its charging and discharging process can be expressed as follows:

Energy storage system performance requirements

According to the application scenarios of the energy storage system, the current mainstream energy storage technologies mainly include: compressed air, flywheel energy storage, lithium-ion battery energy storage and flywheel energy storage. In practical applications, the performance requirements of the energy storage system vary depending on the application scenarios, which will be introduced separately below.

Compressed air energy storage system is suitable for supplying large loads, relatively high demand for electricity, such as grid peak frequency regulation, wind power grid connection;

Battery Selection Recommendations

Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in energy storage systems, and their main features are high energy density, long life, high safety and low cost. At present, a variety of lithium-ion batteries have been used in energy storage systems, including soft pack batteries, square batteries and cylindrical batteries, etc. Each type of battery has its own advantages and disadvantages. According to the characteristics of different application scenarios, different battery types can be used.

Summarize

The energy storage battery system is a crucial component of the entire energy storage system, and its performance advantages and disadvantages directly affect the safe and stable operation of the energy storage system. Starting from the working principle and basic performance of the energy storage battery, we analyze its requirements for the performance of the energy storage system in different application scenarios, and introduce in detail the common performance indicators and selection suggestions of lithium-ion batteries in different application scenarios in the hope that it will help the users in the selection of lithium-ion batteries.

Related research results and literature

In recent years, with the continuous development of new energy storage technologies, lithium-ion batteries have been widely used in large-scale energy storage systems for their high energy density, long cycle life and good safety performance. As one of the most mature and widely used energy storage technologies, lithium-ion batteries have different performance requirements in different scenarios. This paper analyzes the performance requirements of lithium-ion batteries in different application scenarios from different application scenarios, and puts forward a series of recommendations for the selection of lithium-ion batteries in different scenarios.